HUMAN REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM DISEASES
Diseases of the human reproductive system
Diseases of the human reproductive system can be caused by viruses or bacteria . Disease that attacks the human reproductive system are also called venereal diseases . In general , venereal disease transmitted through sexual intercourse . The disease can affect men and women .
1 . Syphilis
Syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease caused by bacteria . The signs of syphilis , among others, the occurrence of sores on the genitals , rectum , tongue , and lips ; swelling of lymph nodes in the thighs ; splotches all over the body ; bone and joint pain rash on the body , especially the hands and soles of the feet .
Signs of the disease can be lost , but still remained disease-causing bacteria in the body , after a few years can attack the brain that can lead to blindness and insanity . This disease can be cured if treatment with antibiotics quickly .
2 . Gonorrhea ( gonorrhea )
Gonorrhea ( gonorrhea ) is caused by bacteria .
Symptoms of gonorrhea , such as pus discharge from the genital tract ; heartburn and frequent urination . The disease -causing bacteria can spread throughout the body , causing pain in the joints and can lead to infertility .
This disease can be cured if treatment with antibiotics quickly .
3 . Herpes Genetalis
Genetalis herpes is caused by a virus . The virus causes herpes is herpes simplex Genetalis . Genetalis herpes symptoms , including the incidence of itching or pain in the genital area and the presence of open wounds or watery blisters .
REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM DISORDERS
EFFECT OF HORMONAL DISORDERS
1 . Anatomy Vulva
The vulva is the place bermuaranya urogenital system . On the outer ring of vulvar labia majora are backward into one and forming the posterior kommiscura and perineum . In the fatty tissue under the skin are similar to those in the mons veneris medial lip of big lips found little towards the perineum into one to form the frenulum labiorum pudendi .
It is located in front frenilium nauikullare fossa . Right and left near the fossa havikulare can be seen two small holes where the channel empties into two gandule Bartholini . Looking ahead into the labia minora and prepuce klitoridis form and erenulum klitoridis under preposium klitoridis located clitoris . Approximately 1.5 cm below the clitoris are orifisum urethra .
2 . Anatomy Vagina
The vagina connects the external genetalia with internal genetalia vaginal introitus closed hymen , a local membrane folds . At first coitus the hymen was torn in several places and the rest called treasure kulae mirtiformes . Another form found on the hymen is hymen kribriformis ( showing some holes ) and septus hymen . Sometimes completely closed hymen ( hymen imperforatus ) . The size of the hole does not determine whether the woman's hymen is still virgo or not . It is well known by medical or judicial . In Indonesia, the integrity of a girl's hymen is still valued at all, then the doctor should pay attention to this .
Vagina measuring 6.5 on the front and on the back of 9.5 cm . Axis running roughly parallel to the direction of the bottom edge of the promontory to the symphysis . Direction is important to know if inserting a finger into the vagina on examination ginekolosi .
On the growth of the fetus in the uterus two thirds of the vagina comes from the duct milleri ( origin of the endometrium ) . While two thirds of the bottom folds of the ectoderm . It is important to know in dealing with congenital abnormalities .
Vaginal epithelium consists of squamous epithelium in several layers . Layer contains no glands , but can hold a small child epithelial transudation was very thin , making it susceptible to infection .
Vaginal mucosa horizontal folds , creases was called ruga . In the midst of the front and back there is a section called column rugarum more hardened . Ruga - ruga can be seen in the third distal part of the vagina on a virgo or nailipara . Meanwhile in multiparous women folds is largely lost . Below are vaginal epithelial connective tissue that contains many blood vessels . Under the connective tissue are muscles that are similar to the composition of the intestinal muscles .
There fosia outer muscle ( connective tissue ) that will be reduced elasticity in elderly women . On the front wall of the vagina along the bottom of the ureter are 2.5-4 cm . The upper part of the vagina bordering the bladder . The rear wall of the vagina is longer and forming the posterior fornix are much broader than the anterior froniks .
Generally the front and rear walls of the vagina near approaching . In women who had given birth to a child , the second wall of the vagina is often found where the loose and somewhat degenerate . In a rare virgo these circumstances .
3 . Hormones Affect Reproductive Vagina
1 . Thymus
The thymus is an organ that changes according to age and is considered beneficial in the growth process . 2 thymus is known peprida :
Timosin x - 1
Timosin -4 originating from epithelial thymus .
This peptide plays a role in the secretion of LH - RH activity during puberty . Besides specifically timosin x - 1 works to increase the secretion of corticosteroids . Thus enhancing immunity . While -4 timosin work stimulates the release of LHRH from the hypothalamus . Thus play a role in the reproductive system .
On the other hand in the thymic epithelial cells of estrogen and androgen receptors . From this fact it appears that gonadal steroids affect the immune system , and support the process of hypothalamic- pituitary thymus . Evidence of this is shown by the changes in the immune response during pregnancy .
The importance of the role of the thymus in reproduction seen from the fact that removal of the thymus trigger follicular atresia and premature ovarian failure .
Congenital absence of the thymus in the absence vosit turns resulted in the ovary . This means that the thymus peptides essential to prevent follicular atresia .
2 . Thyroid
Thyroxine has barrier properties of the secretion of prolactin . Thyroid hormone deficiency , especially nipotiroidisme primary cause endogenous levels of TRH and TSH increased .
And with the increase in plasma PRL levels cause women with hypothyroidism will experience severe disruption firtilitan and cause disruption of the menstrual cycle and breast tissue will be more sensitive to PRL . Although the levels are normal though .
Relationships with high levels of PRL hiportiroid reaction is due to the absence of negative feedback of T3 and T4 to sipofisis . Anterior , then the pituitary will secrete thyroid-releasing hormone ( TRT ) in large quantities and will trigger a T3 and T4 and PRL secretion .
Treatment of thyroid will produce a state of entiroid cause TRH will slump and high PRL levels will decrease so that the patient will experience cyclic menstruation and hipofisil fossa can return to normal . However, hyperthyroidism can also interfere with fertility in a woman though not always . Its effect on the ovaries can lead to disruption of the menstrual cycle ( oligomenorrhoea , amenorrhoea ) .
BOOKMARK
& SHARE
