There are several risk factors that cause a woman may develop cervical cancer. However, the study found that 99.7 percent of cervical cancers are caused by HPV (Human Papilloma Virus) which can be prevented with the HPV vaccine.
So how effective HPV vaccine and cervical cancer ward if a woman who had been vaccinated need IVA or Pap test again?
Generally, the main cause of cervical cancer or cervical usually of Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) are usually of the type 16,18 and 52. However, as the disease is derived from a virus, then there are many risk factors.
Because of the virus, so the disease can be transmitted through skin to skin contact so the risk factors of cervical cancer could be from anywhere. Such as changing sexual partners, smoking, sex less than 20 years, the immune system decreases, mother and brother of cervical cancer, sexually transmitted disease and a history of positive Pap smear. So as to prevent it, may need a pap smear again.
Nevertheless, the HPV vaccine is expensive so can not be used as a sustainable national program. Yet cervical cancer is one of the most disease experienced by women.
To anticipate the spread of HPV virus, is expected to adolescents aged 9 -13 years vaccinated. Because at that time, their immune system is very good so that it can protect from the virus for up to 10 years.
Bivalent HPV vaccine (Cervarix, GlaxoSmithKline) own targeting HPV types 16 and 18, which is estimated to be the cause of more than 70% of cervical cancers worldwide.
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