Gonorrhoeae or gonorrhea is a sexually transmitted disease caused by the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae which is generally transmitted through sexual intercourse, but also direct contact with infective exudate. This disease has a high incidence compared to other sexually transmitted diseases. Although the incidence of this disease has been declining since the 1970s, but nearly 800,000 new cases are found each year in the US. The world's estimated 200 million new cases each year. The disease is more often give teens and young adults, and is more common in men than women.
CAUSE
Gonorrhea is caused by the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae. These bacteria can be transmitted to others through sexual contact with an infected person. This disease can also be transmitted from a mother to her baby during childbirth. We would not be infected with gonorrhea from shared use of towels or use a public restroom.
SYMPTOMS
The incubation period is very short gonorrhea in men is usually between 2-5 days, sometimes longer. In women incubation period is difficult to determine because generally does not cause symptoms.
In men, initially there is itching and heat around the urethra, the channel that transports urine from the bladder to outside the body. Furthermore, there is pain during urination and cloudy viscous secretions out of the tip of the urethra which is sometimes accompanied by blood. When the infection is getting up, the pain will be growing and increasingly viscous secretions and murky. In addition there is pain at the time of erection and sometimes there are enlarged lymph nodes in the groin.
In women, symptoms, if any, can be so mild that people do not realize it. As many as 30% -60% of women with gonorrhea do not give gejala.Gejala that arise can be pain during urination, urination becomes more frequent, and sometimes cause pain in the lower pelvis. In addition, there is a thick and cloudy discharge that comes out of the vagina.
TREATMENT
When you realize having symptoms as above, or have a sexual partner with the above symptoms, you should see a doctor. The doctor will perform examinations, such as taking secretions from the vagina or penis to be analyzed. Antibiotics are the treatment for gonorrhea. Sexual partners should also be examined and treated as soon as possible if diagnosed with gonorrhea. This applies to sexual partners in the last 2 months, or sexual partner during the last 2 months if there is no sexual activity. Many antibiotics are safe and effective for treating gonorrhea, eradicate N.gonorrhoeae, stop the chain of transmission, reduce symptoms, and reduce the possibility of sequelae. The main choice is penicillin + probenecid.
Antibiotics that can be used for the treatment of gonorrhea, among others:
Amoxicillin 2 g + probenecid 1 g, orally
Ampicillin 2-3 g + probenecid 1 g. peroral
Azithromycin 2 g, orally
Cefotaxime 500 mg, injection Intra Muscular
Ciprofloxacin 500 mg, orally
Ofloxacin 400 mg, orally
Spectinomisin 2 grams, injections Intra Muscular
These drugs are given in a single dose.
PREVENTION
To prevent transmission of gonorrhea, use of condoms in sexual intercourse. If suffering from gonorrhea, avoid sexual contact until the antibiotic treatment is finished. Although it has been exposed to gonorrhea, one can hit back, because there will be formed immunity to gonorrhea. Suggest also our sexual partners to be checked to prevent further infection and prevent transmission. Moreover, it also suggests the prostitutes to always check themselves regularly, so if the infection can be treated properly immediately.
