CANCER DISEASES
CAUSE - DIAGNOSIS AND HEALING
( 31 TYPES OF CANCER IN HUMANS that you MUST KNOW )
MULTIPLE MYELOMA CANCER
Cases of multiple myeloma disease
Cases of multiple myeloma occupy 200/1000 ,
is regarded as the second most common malignancy of the blood . It occurs in
older people , 50-65 years of age is a high incidence , age of onset in the
last few years in advance . The incidence of males than females, the male to
female ratio is 1.6:1 . With increasing age , the incidence of multiple myeloma
will increase the life of the community and quality of life is an increasingly
serious loss , parents should not be overlooked hematological malignancies .
The incidence of multiple myeloma and race there is something slightly higher
incidence rate of blacks .
What causes multiple myeloma
The cause of multiple myeloma can not be
ascertained clearly , can be caused by ionizing radiation , severe antigenic
stimulation , or EB virus associated with Kaposi's sarcoma herpes virus
infection . Can also be associated with some cytokines , IL - 6 is a growth
factor for multiple myeloma .
What are the symptoms of multiple myeloma
Symptoms in patients with multiple myeloma
in addition to anemia is infection , bleeding , bone pain can occur ( most
severe fractures ) , proteinuria ( uremia ) , other symptoms are blood
hypercoagulability or venous thrombosis .
The rate of diagnosis of multiple myeloma
at 40 % -50 % , the most common cause of diagnosis are :
1.Infeksi : patients are susceptible to
respiratory infections and urinary tract infections , delay can cause death .
Therefore , in elderly patients with persistent infection , should not be
limited to anti-infective therapy , at the same time anti-infective therapy can
search the main cause . If patients experience bone pain , anemia , bleeding
and other symptoms should consider the possibility of this disease .
2.Anemia : in patients with multiple
myeloma typically depressed bone marrow pressure can cause anemia .
3.Gejala on bone : bone pain , local mass ,
broken bones and even paralysis .
4.Hiperkalsemia : seen with symptoms such
as vomiting , fatigue , confusion , polyuria , constipation , and other
symptoms .
5.Hiperviskositas : usually seen with
symptoms of dizziness , vertigo , tinnitus , can suddenly disturbed
consciousness , numbness of the fingers , heart disorders , chronic heart
failure and other symptoms .
6.Gangguan renal function : the time of
diagnosis , patients often accompanied by renal insufficiency .
How to diagnose
Clinical findings , nearly two- thirds of
patients in the early diagnosis and treatment when diagnosed with advanced ,
many patients due to the wrong part can be a misdiagnosis . Experts of
Index of suspicion of multiple myeloma
patients is quite high , imunoglobin must be timely , urine Bence Jones protein
, X - ray radiography and bone marrow examination . X-ray examination with a
lot of help diagnose the disease , can be found in a variety of sizes with a
circular area some bone damage ( especially the bones of the skull , ribs ,
spine , pelvis ) , if necessary to a CT - scan or MRI . MRI exams can help find
if there is compression of the bone marrow ; A CT
ISS stage system
Phase standard ISS stage Average survival
time ( months )
I In the blood β2 - MG < 3.5mg / L ,
albumin ≥ 35g / L 62
II Not according to the patient's stage I
and III 45
III In the blood β2 - MG ≥ 5.5mg / L 29
Myeloma patients with stable without
symptoms do not need treatment , just need to do regular visits to the hospital
for examination ; meninggunya symptoms with blood , urine M protein or other
clinical symptoms need treatment stiffened . Patients under the age of 70 years
if possible try to do a stem cell transplant .
Several methods of treatment of myeloma
Integrative Medicine : Integrative Medicine
is the treatment of choice . Patients during chemotherapy if it could be
coupled with Chinese medicine to support the result of chemotherapy , reducing
the side effects of chemotherapy to restore bone marrow function and boost the
immune fungis . During chemotherapy will indigestion reaction , the drug will
not be orally.
Chemotherapy
: conventional therapy for the treatment of myeloma .
Radiotherapy :
rarely used , is suitable for the treatment of focal myeloma , and with local
bone pain symptoms until the pressure on the spinal cord .
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation : allogeneic stem cell transplantation and autologous
hematopoietic stem cell transplantation may be used for the treatment of
multiple myeloma .
Several methods for home care
1 . The Rest : may perform usual activities
, but should not perform strenuous activities , in order to avoid the fall or
collision
2 . To avoid pathological fractures : make
a bed with hard board , avoid using elastic mattress .
3 . Diets : give food high in calories,
high in protein , rich in vitamins , foods that are easily digested . Patients
with renal insufficiency , should be given a low -sodium diet , low in protein
or wheat starch diet , to reduce the burden on the kidneys .
4 . For elderly patients with difficult-to-
move should be assisted by gently flicking trackback body / light to avoid
fractures . Give a massage with a warm towel on the skin , note the beds are
always dry and flat to avoid decubitus .
5 . Oral treatment : patients with renal
impairment , due to excessive accumulation of metabolites , some of the waste /
garbage into the respiratory tract , causing bad breath , affects the patient's
appetite , should do a good oral care , prevention of bacterial and fungal
infections
6 . Psychological treatments : switch
flavors patient concerns by providing love, attention , helping to ease the
burden of mental patients , helping patients to face reality and get rid of the
fear,
7 . Care and psychological : to make it
easier for patients to express their concerns , to give love and attention to
redouble their best to relieve the mental stress of patients , helping patients
to face reality and get rid of the fear , help create the mood becomes stable.
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